　　The circulation of ball screws is usually divided into two types: external circulation and internal circulation. In the external circulation, the ball will temporarily detach from the screw during the circulation process; In the inner cycle, the ball always maintains continuous contact with the screw.

　　1.外循環(huán)：滾珠在完成一個循環(huán)后，會通過螺母外表面的螺旋槽或插管，重新回到絲杠螺母間，繼續(xù)下一個循環(huán)。外循環(huán)滾珠絲杠螺母副的返回方式主要有端蓋式、插管式和螺旋槽式。端蓋式是通過在螺母上加工一個縱向孔作為回程通道，滾珠從兩端的蓋板回程口進入回程管進行循環(huán)；插管式則采用彎管作為返回管道，這種結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性好，但徑向尺寸較大；螺旋槽式在螺母外圓上銑出螺旋槽，并通過兩端鉆出的通孔與螺紋滾道相切形成返回通道，其徑向尺寸較小，但制造較復雜。外循環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、使用廣泛，但滾道接縫處可能影響滾珠滾道的平穩(wěn)性。

　　1. External circulation: After completing one cycle, the ball will pass through the spiral groove or insertion tube on the outer surface of the nut and return to the screw nut space to continue the next cycle. The return methods of external circulation ball screw nut pairs mainly include end cap type, insert tube type, and spiral groove type. End cap type is achieved by machining a longitudinal hole on the nut as a return channel, and the ball enters the return pipe through the return ports of the cover plates at both ends for circulation; The intubation type uses a bent pipe as the return pipe, which has good processability but larger radial dimensions; Spiral groove is milled out on the outer circle of the nut, and a return channel is formed by cutting the threaded raceway through the through holes drilled at both ends. Its radial size is small, but its manufacturing is more complex. The external circulation structure is simple and widely used, but the joint of the rolling track may affect the smoothness of the ball rolling track.

　　2.內(nèi)循環(huán)：內(nèi)循環(huán)則通過反向器實現(xiàn)滾珠的循環(huán)，反向器有兩種類型：圓柱凸鍵反向器和扁圓鑲塊反向器。圓柱凸鍵反向器的圓柱部分嵌入螺母內(nèi)，端部開有反向槽，通過圓柱外圓面及其上的圓鍵定位；而扁圓鑲塊反向器為一般圓頭平鍵鑲塊，嵌入螺母的切槽中，其端部開有反向槽，用鑲塊的外輪廓定位。內(nèi)循環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸緊湊，但對外輪廓和螺母上的切槽尺寸精度要求較高。

　　2. Internal circulation: Internal circulation is achieved through the use of a reversing device to circulate the balls. There are two types of reversing devices: cylindrical convex key reversing device and flat circular insert reversing device. The cylindrical part of the cylindrical convex key reverser is embedded in the nut, and the end is provided with a reverse groove, which is positioned through the outer circular surface of the cylinder and the circular key on it; The flat round block reversing device is a general round head flat key block, embedded in the cutting groove of the nut, with a reverse groove at its end, positioned by the outer contour of the block. The internal circulation structure is compact in size, but requires high precision in the dimensions of the external contour and the groove on the nut.

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　　種類選擇：滾珠絲杠的螺母根據(jù)鋼球的循環(huán)方式可分為彎管式、循環(huán)器式和端蓋式。彎管式螺母通過彎管讓鋼球進行循環(huán)，鋼球從絲桿軸的溝槽中掬取進入彎管后，再回到溝槽中做無限循環(huán)運動；循環(huán)器式螺母則采用專門的循環(huán)器進行鋼球的循環(huán)。在選擇時，可以根據(jù)具體的應用需求和性能要求來挑選合適的循環(huán)方式和螺母類型。

　　Type selection: The nuts of ball screws can be divided into bent pipe type, loop type, and end cap type according to the circulation mode of the steel ball. The bent nut circulates the steel ball through the bent pipe, and the steel ball is scooped from the groove of the screw shaft into the bent pipe and then returns to the groove for infinite cyclic motion; The circular nut uses a specialized circular device to circulate the steel ball. When selecting, suitable cycling methods and nut types can be chosen based on specific application and performance requirements.

　　這些型號的螺母設計得相當緊湊，它們利用循環(huán)器巧妙地改變鋼球的行進方向，使鋼球能夠越過絲桿軸的外徑并返回到原位，從而實現(xiàn)無限循環(huán)的運動。

　　These models of nuts are designed to be quite compact, cleverly changing the direction of the steel ball's movement using a cycler, allowing the steel ball to cross the outer diameter of the screw shaft and return to its original position, thereby achieving infinite cyclic motion.

　　另外，端蓋式螺母（如SBK、SDA、SBKH、WHF、BLK、WGF、BLW、WTF、CNF和BLR型）則非常適合高速給進的應用。在這些螺母中，鋼球通過端蓋被巧妙地從絲桿軸的溝槽中掬取，并引入螺母的通孔內(nèi)，再通過通孔返回到溝槽中，同樣實現(xiàn)無限循環(huán)的運動。

　　In addition, end cap nuts (such as SBK, SDA, SBKH, WHF, BLK, WGF, BLW, WTF, CNF, and BLR types) are very suitable for high-speed feeding applications. In these nuts, the steel ball is cleverly scooped out of the groove of the screw shaft through the end cap, introduced into the through hole of the nut, and then returned to the groove through the through hole, achieving infinite cyclic motion.

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